Traub A 25 nakup rabljenega (94)

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1996, maks. premer palice 65 mm maks. premer vrtenja 175 mm maks. dolžina palice 3.000 mm krmiljenje sistem TX 8F pomik – x 140 mm pomik – z 520 mm CNC stružnica | TRAUB - TNC 42/65 DG, opremljena s podajalnikom palic. Iodpfexbtq Nox Ah Deih Stroj je v vzdrževanem stanju in si ga je mogoče kadarkoli ogledati pod priklopljenim tokom. Videoposnetke stroja na lokaciji vam na zahtevo z veseljem posredujemo. Tehnični podatki stroja sledijo v kratkem. Prosimo za vaše razumevanje! #Tags: TNC65 | TNC-65 |TNC 42-65 DG | TNC 42/65DG

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2008, Krmiljenje: TX8i Premer vretena: 80 mm Maksimalna dolžina struženja: 750 mm Premer struženja: 340 mm Moč: 22 kW Število držal za orodje: 12 Premer stebla: 40 mm Pogonska orodja na vseh pozicijah Iiedpfx Ahew Rq Tzo Deh Os X Os Z Os C Repni naslon Transporter ostružkov Hladilni sistem

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 1996, obratovalne ure: 15.001 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, številka stroja/vozila: 462, model krmilnika: Traub TX8F, število osi: 7, Oprema: podajalnik palic, transportni trak za ostružke, CNC lathe with 7 axes, bar feeder & additional equipment! TECHNICAL DETAILS Bar length: 3000 mm Number of axes: 7 Control unit: Traub TX8F MACHINE DETAILS Operating hours spindle 1: 50,318 h Operating hours spindle 2: 32,922 h EQUIPMENT Main spindle Sub spindle Iiodpfew Uiqyox Ah Deh 2 turrets 2x C-axis 1x Y-axis Bar feeder: IEMCA CNC BOSS 542 Enclosure Coolant system Chip conveyor

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 2010, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, največja hitrost vretena: 6.000 obr/min, Traub TNK36 z LNS Quick Load Servo3 paletnim podajalnikom Krmilnik: TX8i Iijdpfx Ahjw U Atuo Djh Glavno vreteno: 36 mm prehod Hitrost vrtenja: 6.300 vrt/min C-os: 0,001° Nasprotno vreteno kot motorsko vreteno Enota za izmet obdelovanca Revolver za orodja s 12 mesti Trakasti transporter: KNOLL Instalacija za hladilno mazalno sredstvo: 450 l & 30 bar Rezanje navojev brez kompenzacijske glave Sprednja naprava 5-kratna z Z3 suportom – 4 orodja Magazin za paletni podajalnik: LNS Quick Load Servo 65 D: 8-36 mm Dolžina: maks. 750 mm Dokumentacija in izvoz možno za doplačilo. Ogled pod napetostjo je mogoč. Z veseljem vam pošljemo dodatne podrobnosti ali dogovorimo ogled na lokaciji.

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1986, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, številka stroja/vozila: 853, Obdeluje samo plastiko, ne kovin. Stroj mora iz hale odpeljati in naložiti kupec. Iijdpfx Ahjw Uqlfe Deh

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 2000, obratovalne ure: 22.232 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, številka stroja/vozila: 317, stružna dolžina: 1.000 mm, premer struženja: 680 mm, moč vretenovega motorja: 60.000 W, največja hitrost vretena: 2.800 obr/min, Oprema: transportni trak za ostružke, TEHNIČNE PODROBNOSTI Dolžina struženja: 1.000 mm Premer struženja: 680 mm Moč glavnega motorja: 60.000 W Maks. število vrtljajev vretena: 2.800 obr/min PODROBNOSTI O STROJU Isdpfx Aew Rp Sveh Doih Model krmiljenja: TX 8H Električni podatki Obratovalna napetost: 400 V 3~ Krmilna napetost: 24 V ~ Napetost ventila: 24 V – Napetost sklopke: 24 V – Skupna moč: 60 kW Skupni tok: 100 A Čas obratovanja vretena: 22.232 ur OPREMA Dokumentacija/priročnik Brezstopenjsko nastavljivo število vrtljajev Transporter za ostružke RUEZ SFWW2 Separator olja Držalo orodja VDI40 Popolna dokumentacija Opomba: Demontaža in nakladanje sta lahko podprta z osebjem in žerjavom.

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1996, Prehod vretena: 80 mm Maks. stružni premer: 395 mm Maks. stružna dolžina: 750 mm Krmilni sistem: TX 8H Maks. število vrtljajev vretena: 3.150 min⁻¹ CNC stružnica | TRAUB - TNA 400 Stroj je v dobro vzdrževanem stanju in ga je mogoče kadar koli ogledati pod napetostjo. Iedpfoxbtqvsx Ah Dsih Tehnični podatki stroja sledijo v kratkem. Prosimo za razumevanje! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #Tags:TNA400 | TNA-400

Stanje: rabljeno, CNC dolgo stružni avtomat TRAUB TNL 12/7 Iiodpfx Ahsxbtz Ue Dsh

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 1996, obratovalne ure: 38.433 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, številka stroja/vozila: 489, Premer palice (maks.): 65 mm, model krmilnika: TRAUB TX8F, dolžina letve: 3.000 mm, število osi: 7, Oprema: podajalnik palic, transportni trak za ostružke, CNC avtomatski stružni stroj s sedmimi osmi ter glavno in proti-vreteno! TEHNIČNI PODATKI Osi in vretena Število osi: 7 Glavno vreteno: prisotno Proti-vreteno: prisotno Število revolverskih glav: 2 C-os: 2 Y-os: 1 Krmiljenje: TRAUB TX8F Iiodpfx Ahew Uikts Dsh PODATKI O STROJU Delovne ure: 38.433 ur OPREMA Polnilnik palic Stamag DN61 (premer palice 65 mm, dolžina palice 3 m) Hladilni sistem Izmet delov Transportni trak za odrezke Zračni filter

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2022, obratovalne ure: 3.500 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, največja hitrost vretena: 10.000 obr/min, premer struženja: 20 mm, skupna masa: 5.000 kg, dolžina podajanja os Z: 205 mm, hitri pomik na osi Z: 20 m/min, moč: 3 kW (4,08 KM), Oprema: dokumentacija / priročnik, transportni trak za ostružke, Hladilno sredstvo: rezalno olje Iiodpfx Asxa Elvoh Dsh Podajalnik palic: FMB Turbo 2-20 Zglobni tračni transporter podjetja KABELSCHLEPP Visokotlačna naprava 20-80 bar podjetja BÜRENER Požarni sistem podjetja KRAFT & BAUER Ločevalnik oljne meglice podjetja BÜCHEL

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 1993, - TRAUB TX 8F control system - Spindle bore: 42 mm Iiedoldd Iqopfx Ah Dsh - Main spindle speed: 40 – 4,000 rpm - 4 cutoff slides: stroke 60 mm - 8-position turret - High-pressure pump 25 bar - Rear end machining (2-spindle) - Bar feeder (3 m) - Chip conveyor

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 2005, Turning diameter 275 mm Turning length 900 mm Control system TRAUB TX8i Spindle bore 65 mm Drive power 100% duty cycle 25.20 kW Drive power 40% duty cycle 30.20 kW Torque at 40% / 100% duty cycle 180 / 135 Nm Spindle speeds - stepless 1 - 5,000 rpm Spindle diameter (front bearing) 110 mm C-axis 1 - 500 rpm Tool turret No. 1 X-axis 290 mm Y-axis 165 mm Z-axis 600/950 mm B-axis 360° Rapid traverse X/Y/Z 18 / 18 / 30 m/min Feed force X/Y/Z 10 / 10 / 7 kN Tool stations 2x2 + 2x2 Number of driven tools 2x2 + 2x2 mm Tool speeds 8,000 / 2,000 rpm Drive power 25% duty cycle 5.80 kW Torque at 25% duty cycle 4x18.6 / 4x74 Nm Tool mounting TRAUB Ø60 Tool turret No.2 / No.3 / No.4 X-axis 170 mm Z-axis 600/950 mm Y-axis +/- 60 mm Rapid traverse X/Y/Z 18 / 15 / 30 m/min Feed force X/Y/Z 10 / 10 / 7 kN Tool revolver - number of stations 10 Number of driven tools 10 mm Tool speeds 1 - 6,000 rpm Drive power 25% duty cycle 5.80 kW Torque at 25% duty cycle 18.60 Nm Tool holder DIN 69880 Ø40x63 Bar feeder DNH61 / 3000 Bar lengths 1,000 - 3,200 mm Iodpfxjw E Nnbs Ah Djih Bar diameter 18 - 63 mm Hexagon max. 45 mm Total power requirement 95.00 kW Machine weight approx. 16.00 t Space requirement approx. 10.00 x 3.50 x H3.00 m With TRAUB TX 8i control, main and counter spindle with C-axis, 3 pcs. turret tool holders, 1 pc. vertical tool carrier with B-axis, Extraction system, chip conveyor, coolant system with coalescence separator. Bar loader TRAUB Stamag DNH61 / 3000 2 pcs. SMW KNCS-N 170-43 3-jaw chucks 2 pcs. HAINBUCH Spanntop collet chucks 40 pcs. various static toolholders 6 pcs. various driven toolholders Spare parts package

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1997, Prehod vretena 80 mm Maks. premer struženja 460 mm Maks. dolžina struženja 1.000 mm Krmiljenje Sistem TX 8F Maks. hitrost vretena 2.800 min⁻¹ CNC stružnica | TRAUB - TNA 500 Stroj je v dobro vzdrževanem stanju in si ga je mogoče kadar koli ogledati pod napetostjo. Iijdpoxbtpxjfx Ah Djh Tehnični podatki stroja sledijo v kratkem. Prosimo za razumevanje! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #Tags:TNA500 | TNA-500

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2005, obratovalne ure: 60.764 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, številka stroja/vozila: 6030637, Stroj je v dobrem, takoj za uporabo pripravljenem stanju in ga je trenutno možno ogledati pod napetostjo. Stroj mora razstaviti in odpeljati kupec. Stroj ima 2 revolverski glavi, vsaka s 12 orodnimi mesti, vsa orodna mesta so gnana. Poleg tega ima sprednjo napravo s 5 orodnimi mesti, od katerih so 4 gnana. Zadnja naprava ima 5 orodnih mest, 4 so gnana. Vpenjalni sistem glavnega vretena je Hainbuch 32, za nasprotno vreteno pa Axfix znamke Hainbuch. Priložiti je mogoče različne osnovne nosilce. Ijdew N Rzispfx Ah Doih

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of spindles: 2 - Number of axes: 9 - Number of turret heads: 1 MAIN SPINDLE - Spindle drive power: 10.7 kW - Spindle speed: 6300 rpm - Max. bar diameter: 36 mm - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB-SPINDLE - Spindle drive power: 10.7 kW - Spindle speed: 6300 rpm - Max. bar diameter: 36 mm - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° - Traverse paths X/Z: 370 x 250 mm LEFT UPPER TURRET - Number of positions: 12 - Number of driven positions: 12 Ijdpfx Aouhadhsh Doih - Traverse paths X/Z: 50/100 mm - Traverse path Y: +/-20 mm - Driven tool speed: 6000 rpm - Driven tool power: 5.5 kW DRILLING UNIT - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tool speed: 6000 rpm - Driven tool power: 4.3 kW - Traverse paths X/Z: 370 x 270 mm OPPOSITE DRILLING UNIT - Number of tools: 5 - Number of driven tools: 4 - Driven tool speed: 6000 rpm - Driven tool power: 4.3 kW - Strokes X/Y: 73 x +/-50 mm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total drive power: 33 kW WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Required space: 3335 x 1222 mm - Machine height: 1680 mm - Machine weight: 4000 kg OPERATING HOURS - Power-on hours: 41,698 h - Operating hours: 11,346 h ACCESSORIES - Control: TRAUB TX 8i - Coolant tank: RESY * with high-pressure pump * with paper filter - Chip conveyor - Parts removal - Parts belt conveyor - Bar feeder: LNS HYDROBAR EXPRESS 332 (2005)

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 1994, TRAUB TNS 65 D / 5-Axis CNC Turning and Milling Machine - TX8 D control unit - Complete technical specifications see photos - Year of manufacture: 1994 - Hydrobar bar feeder - Various driven tool holders - Tool holders - Three-jaw chuck Isdpow D Df Eofx Ah Deih - Complete documentation Subject to errors and input mistakes

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 1991, max. bar diameter: 42 mm chuck diameter: 40 mm diameter over cross slide: 160 mm spindle speed range: 10–5,000 rpm Isdpfx Ajvy Uy Hsh Doih turret with 12 stations (non-driven) swarf conveyor FMB turbo 3000 bar feeder max. bar length: 3 m

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), CNC machine Traub TNL 26 Iijdpfxjhlp Sds Ah Doh Condition: used, well maintained Sale without any warranty

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 [mm] - Main spindle stroke (fixed/driven guide bushing): 130/80 [mm] - Spindle power: 4 [kW] - Rotational speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Upper turret: 6 positions - Lower turret: 6 positions - Number of driven positions on turret: 6 - Max. diameter in sub-spindle: 12.7 [mm] - Sub-spindle rotational speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Dimensions: 2850 x 1100 x 1480 [mm] - Operating hours: 12,408 [h] - Main spindle hours: 9,400 [h] EQUIPMENT - CNC control TRAUB TX 8i - Bar feeder LNS Alpha ST 320 - C axis on main spindle and sub-spindle - Brake for main spindle and sub-spindle - Parts catcher with conveyor belt - Fire protection system - Coolant tank with pump and chiller unit Iisdpfx Ahouhav Dj Dsh - Chip conveyor - Various fixed and driven tool holders

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 9 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 [mm] - Max. machining length: 130 [mm] - Spindle speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 2.5 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 [mm] - Spindle speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 2.5 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] - Number of turrets: 2 UPPER TURRET - Number of stations: 6 - Number of driven stations: 6 - X travel: 35 [mm] - Y travel: -9.5/+28 [mm] - Z stroke: 48 [mm] LOWER TURRET - Number of stations: 6 - Number of driven stations: 6 - X/Z travel: 35/79.5 [mm] FRONT TOOL POST - Number of stations: 4 Iisdpouhaw Usfx Ah Djh - Number of driven stations: 4 - Driven tool speed: 10,000 [rpm] - X/Z travel: 415/138.5 [mm] SUB OPERATIONS - Number of stations: 4 - Number of driven stations: 4 - Driven tool speed: 10,000 [rpm] ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 [V] ACCESSORIES - Control: Traub TX8i - Driven guide bushing - Coolant tank - Bar feeder: FMB Minimag

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 9 - Number of spindles: 2 Iiedpfx Asuhaxfsh Dsh MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 [mm] - Max. machining length: 130 [mm] - Spindle speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 2.5 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 [mm] - Spindle speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 2.5 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] - Number of turret heads: 2 UPPER TURRET HEAD - Number of positions: 6 - Number of driven positions: 6 - X-axis travel: 35 [mm] - Y-axis travel: -9.5/+28 [mm] - Z stroke: 48 [mm] LOWER TURRET HEAD - Number of positions: 6 - Number of driven positions: 6 - X/Z-axis travel: 35/79.5 [mm] FRONT UNIT - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tools speed: 10,000 [rpm] - X/Z-axis travel: 415/138.5 [mm] SUBSEQUENT MACHINING - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tools speed: 10,000 [rpm] ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 [V] ACCESSORIES - CNC control: Traub TX8i - Driven guide bushing - Coolant tank - Bar feeder: LNS TRYTON HYBRID

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 - Number of turret heads: 1 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 mm - Max. machining length: 130 mm - Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.5 kW - Minimum C-axis increment: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 mm - Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Ijdpouhawzjfx Ah Deih - Spindle drive power: 2.5 kW LOWER TURRET HEAD - Number of positions: 6 - Number of driven positions: 6 - Travel X/Z: 35/50 mm - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm FRONT DEVICE - Number of positions: 4 BACKWORKING - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tool speed: 12,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total connected load: 18 kW EQUIPMENT - Control: Traub TX8i - Interface: RJ45 / PCMCIA - Spindle brake: main spindle - Parts catcher - Coolant tank: 200 l - Chip conveyor: KNOLL - Bar feeder: FMB Minimag 3200 C - Number of driven tool holders: 2 - Number of fixed tool holders: 14 - Set of collet holders for chuck: F20 - Set of collet holders for chuck: F16 - Sleeve: 4 - Set of bushings and collets for bar feeder magazine - Set of spare parts

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 8 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 13 [mm] - Max. machining length: 130 [mm] - Spindle speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 2.5 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] - Spindle hours: 26,709 [h] COUNTER SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 13 [mm] - Spindle speed: 12,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 2.5 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] - Spindle hours: 16,854 [h] - Number of turrets: 2 UPPER TURRET - Number of positions: 6 - Number of powered positions: 6 - X travel: 35 [mm] - Z stroke: 50 [mm] - Driven tool speed: 8,000 [rpm] LOWER TURRET - Number of positions: 6 - Number of powered positions: 6 - X travel: 35 [mm] * Y travel: -9.5 / +28 [mm] - Driven tool speed: 8,000 [rpm] ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 [V] Iedpjuhawhsfx Ah Doih - Total connected load: 16 [kVA] WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2,850 x 1,100 [mm] - Machine height: 1,480 [mm] - Machine weight: 2,000 [kg] EQUIPMENT - Control: Traub TX 8i - Driven guide bushing - Parts removal device - Parts conveyor belt - Chip conveyor: KNOLL 160 S-1 - Coolant tank: 500 [l] * with paper filter - Bar loader: FMB Minimag 18 / 3200 C - Oil mist extractor: UAS SMOG HOG SH-05 - Number of fixed tool holders: 5

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 - Number of turrets: 1 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 mm - Max. machining length: 130 mm - Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.5 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 12.7 mm - Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.5 kW LOWER TURRET - Number of positions: 6 - Number of driven positions: 6 - Travel X/Z: 35/50 mm - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm FRONT TOOL POST - Number of positions: 4 SUB MACHINING - Number of positions: 4 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total power: 18 kW EQUIPMENT - Control: Traub TX8i - Interface: RJ45 / PCMCIA - Spindle brake: on main spindle Iodjuhawujpfx Ah Doih - Parts catcher - Coolant tank: 200 l - Chip conveyor: KNOLL - Bar feeder: FMB Minimag 3200 C - Number of driven tool holders: 2 - Number of fixed tool holders: 14 - Set of collet holders for chuck: F20 - Set of collet holders for chuck: F16 - Bushings: 4 - Set of sleeves and collets for bar loader - Tool presetting device

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of spindles: 2 - Number of axes: 12 - Number of turret heads: 3 MAIN SPINDLE - Spindle nose: A2-6 - Spindle drive power: 24 kW - Spindle speed: 5,000 rpm - Max. bar diameter: 65 mm - Max. main chuck diameter: 175 mm - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Spindle nose: A2-5 - Spindle drive power: 28 kW - Spindle speed: 7,000 rpm - Max. bar diameter: 42 mm - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° - Travel distance: 700 mm LEFT UPPER TURRET - Number of stations: 10 - Number of live stations: 10 - X/Z travel: 175 / 650 mm - Y travel: +/- 40 mm - Tool type: VDI 30 - Driven tool speed: 6,000 rpm - Driven tool power: 5.5 kW LEFT LOWER TURRET - Number of stations: 10 - Number of live stations: 10 - X/Z travel: 175 / 650 mm Isdpfx Aouhadzsh Deih - Y travel: +/- 40 mm - Tool type: VDI 30 - Driven tool speed: 6,000 rpm - Driven tool power: 5.5 kW RIGHT LOWER TURRET - Number of stations: 10 - Number of live stations: 10 - X/Z travel: 175 / 650 mm - Y travel: +/- 40 mm - Tool type: VDI 30 - Driven tool speed: 6,000 rpm - Driven tool power: 5.5 kW ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total drive: 95 kW DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT - Required floor space: 5,450 x 2,318 mm - Machine height: 2,258 mm - Machine weight: 10,000 kg MACHINE HOURS - Operating hours: 50,000 h ACCESSORIES - Control: Traub TX8i-S - Electronic handwheel - 3-color status light - Coolant tank: RESY * with high-pressure pump * with paper filter - Chip conveyor - Parts catcher - Parts conveyor belt - Number of driven tool holders: 6 - Number of static tool holders: 33 - Collet chuck: 2 HAINBUCH