3800 L Inox Posoda Z Izolacijo nakup rabljenega (94.938)

Leto izdelave: 2001, stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Stainless steel transport container, used and cleaned Capacity: 1 cbm Order number: 3980 Material: V2A 1.4301 Dimensions: 1,226 x 1,026 x 1,856 mm (height) Design: Free-standing in a galvanized steel frame, stackable in two layers Bdsdpfxegayh Ds Aqtjg Designed for a specific gravity of 1.8 Top with flat lid, equipped with toggle fasteners Fully openable, with one 1" socket in the base Lower section with conical bottom Terminating with a Ø 250 mm opening, with DN 80 flange and lateral DN 80 Kamlock outlet Weight: approx. 250 kg

Stanje: novo, Leto izdelave: 2025, Feed conveyor, transport system with extra-large plastic containers designed to carry product from the vibrating feeder to the weighing unit. Stainless steel construction; 380V/1kW; dimensions and weight depend on the customer's overall system configuration. The machine/system is also available in various versions for different packaging sizes and packaging speeds. Bdjdpov Nmmwofx Aqtjg Please note that our new prices are often below typical used market prices. Feel free to enquire and let us know your packaging requirements. – Usually, 30-50 different new machines are immediately available from stock. For custom-built machines, we offer very short delivery times starting from just 3 weeks. – All machines are supplied with a full warranty.

Stanje: novo, Leto izdelave: 2025, Automatic conveyor for cans, jars, bottles. Separation of individual containers and automatic alignment with the filling station conveyor belt. - Specifications: Speed: up to 80 containers/min; table diameter: 1,000mm; 380V, 0.18kW; machine weight: 50kg; dimensions: L1400xW1200xH1200mm. Please note that our new machine prices are frequently lower than typical used prices. Feel free to contact us and let us know your packaging requirements. - We usually have 30-50 different new machines available from stock at any time. For custom-built machines we offer very short delivery times starting from about 3 weeks. - All machines are available with a full warranty. Bdjdpfov Nk Hhsx Aqtog

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1973, Proizvajalec: Dambrun Leto: 1973 Tip: tlačna posoda Bodex R Ap Nopfx Aqtodg Tlak: 3 bar Enojna plašč Premer: 500 mm Globina: 600 mm Odprtina: 300 mm

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1988, Proizvajalec: Goavec SA Leto: 1988 Prejšnja uporaba: Posoda za smetano (tekoča/gosta) Prostornina: 10.000 litrov Material: nerjavno jeklo 304 (debelina: 25/10) Izolacija: da Tlak v rezervoarju: atmosferski Mešanje: 2,4 kW – 32 vrt/min 1 fiksna lopatica: protismerno mešanje Pralne krogle: 3 enote Pregledna odprtina: človekoluknja Snemna ograja Bdsdpfx Aqjx R Dkusteg Na voljo načrt (digitalna verzija)

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1988, Proizvajalec: Goavec SA Leto izdelave: 1988 Tip: skladiščni/procesni rezervoar Prejšnja uporaba: rezervoar za smetano (tekočo/gosto) Volumen: 10.000 litrov Material: nerjaveče jeklo 304 Plašč (dno in 1/3 ovoja): Delovni tlak 3,5 bar / Maks. tlak 5,25 bar Moč motorja: 0,75 kW Mešanje: 2 trikrake lopatice (1 fiksna / 1 odstranljiva) Umivalne krogle: 3 kosi Inšpekcijska odprtina: revizijska loputa Odstranljiva varnostna ograja Bdedpfxex R D Dus Aqteg Zunanje dimenzije: 5 x 2 metra Motor pregledan in testiran pred prodajo.

Leto izdelave: 1995, stanje: rabljeno, Na voljo količina: 5 enot Prostornina: 200 L Material: Nerjaveče jeklo Leto: 1995 Referenca: CC200l Bjdpox R Am Ijfx Aqtjdg Popolna zgornja odprtina Membranski ventil: Ø 20 cm Dimenzije: 85 x 125 x 70

Stanje: rabljeno, Posoda iz nerjavečega jekla Popolno odpiranje Skupna prostornina: cca 280 L Premer: 82 cm Globina: 53 cm Senzor nivoja: visok – nizek Bsdpfxjx R A Tzj Aqtsdg

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1987, Proizvajalec: Goavec SA Leto: 1987 Prejšnja uporaba: Rezervoar za smetano (tekočo/gosto) Prostornina: 5.000 litrov Material: nerjavno jeklo 304 (debeline 2,5 mm) Plašč z izolacijo Bdsdpox R Dkbefx Aqteg Tlak v rezervoarju: +0,1 bar Tlak v plašču: 3,5 bara (voda) / 2 bara (para) Mešanje: 1,8 kW – 41 o/min 1 fiksna lopatica: protismerno mešanje Pralne krogle: 2 kosa Pregledna odprtina: revizijska loputa (manhole) Odstranljiva ograja Na voljo je risba (digitalna različica)

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1988, Proizvajalec: Goavec SA Leto: 1988 Prejšnja uporaba: Posoda za smetano (tekoča/gosta) Prostornina: 10.000 litrov Material: nerjavno jeklo 304 (debelina: 25/10) Izolacija: da Tlak v rezervoarju: atmosferski Bjdpfx Ajx R Dknjqtjdg Mešanje: 2,4 kW – 32 vrt/min 1 fiksna lopatica: protismerno mešanje Pralne krogle: 3 enote Pregledna odprtina: človekoluknja Snemna ograja Na voljo načrt (digitalna verzija)

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 1988, Proizvajalec: Goavec SA Leto: 1988 Prejšnja uporaba: Posoda za smetano (tekoča/gosta) Prostornina: 10.000 litrov Material: nerjavno jeklo 304 (debelina: 25/10) Izolacija: da Tlak v rezervoarju: atmosferski Mešanje: 2,4 kW – 32 vrt/min Bjdpfx Aqjx R Dkzstsdg 1 fiksna lopatica: protismerno mešanje Pralne krogle: 3 enote Pregledna odprtina: človekoluknja Snemna ograja Na voljo načrt (digitalna verzija)

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2013, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, stiskalna sila: 34 t, moč: 7,5 kW (10,20 KM), L&M H900 stationary compactor + container Bodpowcd Nnefx Aqtsdg The H900 features an elevated press block (900 mm) and is specially designed for extremely large pieces/volumes of cardboard. The machine is powered by a 7.5 kW electric motor. Originally built in 2008 and overhauled by Wortmann Milieutechniek in 2013. This machine has been maintained by Wortmann Milieutechniek, and the complete maintenance history is available. Ready for immediate use!

Leto izdelave: 2012, stanje: dober (rabljeno), VMI 2400 l visokostrižni mešalni reaktor 2012, iz nerjavečega jekla, 2400 l jakirani mešalni rezervoar, zgornje agitacijsko mešalo in stenski strgalnik, centralna visokostrižna mešalna gred, s centrifugalno črpalko, 3-fazni priklop Bdjdpfxsrambye Aqtog

Stanje: rabljeno, skupna dolžina: 5.400 mm, skupna širina: 3.000 mm, skupna višina: 3.500 mm, 25,000 L horizontal insulated tank with heavy-duty horizontal agitator External dimensions: Dia Ø 3000 mm, H 3500 mm, L 5400 mm. Horizontal insulated stainless steel tank – 1 unit. Manhole at the top. Heavy-duty agitator. CIP and 4" outlet. Bdedpfxeqvpc Hs Aqtog Year 1995. AISI 304

Leto izdelave: 2001, stanje: dober (rabljeno), VMI 2936L mešalna posoda Bjdjqqhh Rjpfx Aqtodg 2001, nerjaveče jeklo, 2936-litrska plaščena mešalna posoda, zgoraj nameščen mešalni in strgalni sistem, centralna visoko-šerasta mešalna gred, opremljena s centrifugalno črpalko Inoxpa, 3-fazna priključitev.

Leto izdelave: 2001, stanje: dober (rabljeno), VMI 3500L mešalna posoda Leto: 2001, iz nerjavečega jekla, mešalna posoda s plaščem, prostornina 3500 l, zgoraj nameščeno mešalo in strgalo, osrednja gred za visokihitrostno mešanje, s centrifugalno črpalko, 3-fazni priklop. Bdedpfeqqhhxox Aqtjg

Stanje: rabljeno, Ta ponudba zajema Millipore AFS 15E sistem za čiščenje vode s 60-litrskim rezervoarjem. Naprava je popolnoma funkcionalna in pripravljena na takojšnjo uporabo. Millipore AFS 15E je zasnovan za učinkovito in ekonomično zagotavljanje visokokakovostne vode tipa CLRW (Clinical Laboratory Reagent Water), zato je ključen za laboratorije, ki upoštevajo najstrožje standarde. Bdsdpfsxxy Szsx Aqteg Glavne značilnosti: - Skladnost s CLRW: Proizvaja vodo, skladno s smernicami CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute), kar zagotavlja zanesljivost v kliničnem okolju. - Elix® EDI tehnologija: Napredna elektrodeionizacija (EDI) za nizke in predvidljive obratovalne stroške ter samoobnavljajoče ionske izmenjevalne smole, ki zmanjšujejo potrebo po vzdrževanju. - Spremljanje podatkov: Sistem omogoča popolno spremljanje in arhivira podatke o kakovosti vode do šest mesecev za enostavno sledenje in preverjanje skladnosti. - Kakovost dovodne vode: Deluje s pitno vodo pod tlakom 1–6 bar in pri temperaturi 5–35 °C, kar omogoča prilagodljivost različnim postavitvam. - Kapaciteta shranjevanja: Vključen je 60-litrski rezervoar, ki zagotavlja dovolj prostora za shranjevanje prečiščene vode, kar je ključno za laboratorije z večjo porabo. Tehnične specifikacije: - Zmogljivost proizvodnje: Do 300 litrov vode dnevno, primerno za potrebe velikega obsega porabe. - Pretok proizvodnje: Dovod vode v rezervoar 15 L/h. - Pretok distribucije: Dokapljanje vode do analizatorjev do 2 L/min za hitro dostopnost. Kakovost proizvedene vode: - Upornost pri 25 °C: > 15 MΩ·cm (visoka čistost). - Skupni organski ogljik (TOC): < 30 ppb, primerno za zahtevne analitične aplikacije. Dimenzije: Kompaktna velikost 585 x 268 x 426 mm omogoča enostavno integracijo v laboratorijski prostor.

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 2020, HTST ARSOPI 500 Litre Pasteuriser, built in 2020 by Dairy Machinery UK and Arsopi. This machine is self-heated by a 9 kW heating element, mounted on a stainless steel frame, and comes complete with a control panel, balance tank, automatic valves, product and water pumps, and 1'' inlet and outlet pipes, which also function as a CIP loop. The entire process is fully automated with a divert valve to ensure pasteurisation temperatures and milk flow. The machine shows minimal signs of use and is in excellent condition. We offer full support for this pasteuriser, from the control unit to the PHE seals. Machines that can be offered additionally with sale: Bsdsy Ry Hrspfx Aqtedg 1) SEPARATOR Manufacturer: Seital/SPX Model: SE05 Condition: Used Stock No.: 834 Make: Seital Capacity: 1,200 L/h Cleaning: Manual cleaning Tools: Included Operating manual: Included Base frame: Included 2) HOMOGENISER Manufacturer: GEA Model: NS20002H Year: 2009 Condition: Used Serial No.: 7818 Stock No.: 110613074 Capacity: 30 L/h at 600 Bar, 500 L/h at 200 Bar Operating pressure: 200 to 600 Bar max No. of stages: 2 Condition: Very good Availability: Immediate DELIVERED AS COMPLETE PACKAGE OR SEPARATELY Volume Capacity (litres): 500 Balance Tank: Included PHE Temperatures: 4-45-55-65-72-4°C Draw-off points: Separator and homogeniser outlets Swing valve: Included Dimensions in cm: 160 x 80 x 200 Product pump: Included Hot water pump: Included Controls: HMI touchscreen CIP: Program included for self-clean-in-place

Stanje: generalkompletno obnovljen (rabljeno), Spako, 225-litrska posoda z električnim ogrevanjem in plaščem za termično olje. Opremljena z močnim mešalnikom s stranskim strgalom. Izpust skozi pipo. Napeljana do vročega dozirnika za določene mase in nato speta. Celoten sistem je v prenovi. Bdedpfx Aqoxwlk Hjtjg

Stanje: rabljeno, Leto izdelave: 2016, Pregled Ta dovajalni sistem za zamaške je sestavljen iz vertikalnega dvigala za zamaške, centrifugalnega razdelilnika in horizontalnega zračnega transporterja z ravno zgornjo površino. Sistem je bil uporabljen za dovajanje plastičnih ploskih zamaškov premera 38 mm pri aplikacijah polnjenja PET. Je demontiran, shranjen v skladišču in takoj na voljo. Tehnični podatki - Formati: Ploski plastični zamaški 38 mm - Dimenzije: D 210 cm × Š 75 cm × V 300 cm - Priključna moč: 0,2 kW Bdedpfxow T S Rae Aqteg - Uporaba: PET steklenice Obseg dobave - Vertikalno dvigalo za zamaške | Marmoinox | AML-ZVE1 | 2016 - Centrifugalni razdelilnik | Sacmi | - | 1997 - Horizontalni zračni transporter z ravno zgornjo površino, 2 m | Sacmi | - | 1997

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2013, Saacke TEMINOX GLS 125-45 dual-fuel burner, 10,500 kW, oil + gas. Year of manufacture: 2013. Bodpfx Aqsvrkcnetsdg

Stanje: novo, Leto izdelave: 2020, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, kapaciteta rezervoarja: 1.000 l, Oprema: dokumentacija / priročnik, BRINOX 1,000 L Pre-Filling Tank – 1.4435 Stainless Steel – Double Jacket – PED Cat. IV Module G – TÜV – FAT – 2020 – Like New Manufacturer: BRINOX d.o.o. Model: SVMMBI-1000 Tag No.: BH6725-BH1001 Serial No.: 1003455 Year of Manufacture: 2020 CE Marking: CE 0036 Condition: Like new / unused TECHNICAL DATA Product type: Pre-filling / Process vessel Nominal volume: 1,000 L Total volume: 1,400 L Empty weight: 762 kg Product-contact material: 1.4435 Permissible pressure (PS): -1 / +3 bar Test pressure (PT): 5.4 bar Permissible temperature (TS): -10 / +150°C Fluid group: 1 Design standard: AD 2000 Pressure vessel in accordance with PED 2014/68/EU Category IV Module G – Individual Inspection Notified body: TÜV SÜD Identification number: 0036 FAT – Factory Acceptance Test Complete FAT carried out and documented by the manufacturer. Tests include pressure test, NDT, dimensional inspection, surface roughness measurement, and documentation release. SPECIFICATION • Cylindrical horizontal pressure vessel • Double jacket for heating/cooling • Internally electropolished • Pharmaceutical-grade welding • Manway DN500 • Multiple process and measurement nozzles • Safety valve • CIP connections • For pressure and vacuum operation CONDITION • Never used in production • TÜV Module G certified • Industrial as-new condition Bedpfx Asykt T Reqtodg • Immediately available DOCUMENTATION – complete and available Structured documentation package including: • EU Declaration of Conformity • TÜV certificate with acceptance report • TÜV design review • FAT documentation • Material certificates • Welder lists and WPS/WPQR • NDT reports • Surface roughness record • Surface treatment report • Internal pressure test • Dimensional report • Calibration certificate for pressure gauge • Part drawings • Assembly with bill of materials • Operating and maintenance manuals (unit & components) • Qualification certificates • Analysis certificates for welding consumables and protective gas Digital documentation folder fully available. SUITABLE FOR • Pharmaceutical applications • WFI / PW • GMP plants • Sterile liquid processes • Biotechnology High-quality BRINOX pharmaceutical vessel with PED Cat. IV Module G individual inspection by TÜV SÜD, full FAT, and complete technical documentation. Immediately available.

Stanje: novo, Leto izdelave: 2020, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, kapaciteta rezervoarja: 3.500 l, Oprema: dokumentacija / priročnik, BRINOX 3,500 L Batch Tank – 1.4435 – Double Jacket – PED Module G – TÜV SÜD – FAT – 2020 – As New Manufacturer: BRINOX d.o.o. Type: SVMBHI-3500 Tag No.: BH6770-BH1001 Serial Number: 1003460 Year of Manufacture: 2020 Condition: As new / unused Package 28: BH6770-BH1001 TECHNICAL DATA Product Type: Batch Tank / Pressure Vessel Working Volume: 3,500 litres Total Volume: 4,304 litres Jacket Volume: 202 litres Empty Weight: 1,958 kg Wetted Material: 1.4435 Jacket: 1.4404 CE Marking: CE 0036 Permissible Pressure Vessel PS: -1 / +3 bar Test Pressure Vessel PT: 5.6 bar Permissible Jacket Pressure PS: -1 / +6 bar Test Pressure Jacket PT: 10.8 bar Permissible Temperature TS: -10 °C to +150 °C Fluid Group: 2 Design Standard: AD 2000 Pressure vessel according to PED 2014/68/EU Category III Module G – Individual Inspection Notified Body: TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH (Identification number 0036) TÜV approval including final inspection and pressure test, fully documented. FAT – Factory Acceptance Test The tank was subjected to a complete FAT at the factory and released. Inspections performed include: • Pressure test according to PED • Visual inspection of all weld seams • Non-destructive examinations (RT, PT as per test plan) • Dimensional and drawing check (as-built) • Interior roughness measurement (Ra ≤ 0.8 µm) • Calibration check of pressure gauges • Verification of labelling • Complete documentation review Full FAT protocols available. DESIGN • Cylindrical, horizontal tank • Double jacket with half-pipe coil • Internally electropolished and passivated • High-gloss polished product-contact surface • Pharmaceutical-grade weld seams • Manhole DN 500 • Powder/product inlet nozzle DN 300 • CIP connections • Safety valve • Pressure and temperature ports • Agitator connection • Heavy-duty trunnion mounting • Lifting lugs DOCUMENTATION – complete and structured Bdodpfx Aqoylng Uoteg Comprehensive project-specific quality and manufacturing documentation, including: • EU Declaration of Conformity and warranty certificates • TÜV certificate with acceptance report (Module G) • TÜV design review and certification • Material certificates 3.1 • Welder lists and welding procedure qualifications (WPQR/WPS) • Non-destructive test reports (RT, PT etc.) • Analysis certificates for welding consumables and gases • Company qualification certificate • Roughness protocol • Surface treatment report • Dimensional accuracy report • Internal pressure test report • Calibration certificates • Reports and EU conformity for installed components • Compilation with parts list • Partial drawings • Operating and maintenance manuals Complete digital documentation file available. CONDITION • Never in productive use • Stored as inventory • Internal surface absolutely as new • No corrosion • No signs of use • Absolutely mint industrial condition • Available immediately SUITABLE FOR • Pharmaceutical solutions • WFI / PW systems • Buffer and media preparation • Sterile liquid processes • GMP production facilities • Biotech applications SPECIAL FEATURE High-quality BRINOX pharmaceutical manufacturing with full PED Module G individual certification by TÜV SÜD, CE 0036 marking, and documented FAT test. Not a standard tank – but certified project quality with comprehensive GMP-compliant documentation.

Stanje: novo, Leto izdelave: 2020, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, kapaciteta rezervoarja: 3.200 l, Oprema: dokumentacija / priročnik, BRINOX 3,200 L Solution Tank – 316L – Double Jacket – TÜV / PED Module G – FAT – 2020 – As New Package 17 Manufacturer: BRINOX d.o.o. Tag-No.: BH6762-BH1001 Year of manufacture: 2020 Condition: As new / unused TECHNICAL DATA Product type: ELUTION / Solution Tank Capacity: 3,200 liters Material: 1.4404 (AISI 316L) CE marking: Present (CE 0036) Tank pressure: Operating pressure: -1 / +3 bar Test pressure: According to TÜV approval Jacket pressure (heating/cooling jacket): Operating pressure: -1 / +6 bar Test pressure: According to TÜV approval Temperature range: -20 °C to +150 °C Pressure vessel according to PED 2014/68/EU Module G – Individual inspection Acceptance by notified body (ID number 0036) FAT – Factory Acceptance Test The tank was inspected as part of a documented FAT process. The tests included, among others: • Welding documentation inspection • Visual inspection of weld seams • Leak test • Pressure test • Surface roughness test • Sensor calibration test • Layout and dimensional inspection • Documentation review Complete FAT report including all test protocols available. SPECIFICATION • Double jacket for heating/cooling • Completely made of stainless steel 316L • Mirror-polished internal surface • Pharmaceutical-grade weld seams • CIP/SIP-capable connections • Multiple manholes/revision openings • Clamp and flange connections • Instrumentation prepared (pressure, temperature, sensor technology) • Heavy-duty project configuration • Lifting lugs for crane handling CONDITION • Never used in production Bsdpfx Aqjykkhrotsdg • Stock item from project surplus • Interior absolutely clean • No corrosion • No signs of use • Industrial as-new condition • Immediately available DOCUMENTATION – complete and well-structured Comprehensive, project-specific quality and manufacturing documentation is available for the tank, including: • EU Declaration of Conformity and Warranty Certificates • TÜV certificate with acceptance report • TÜV design inspection and certification • Material certificates (3.1) • Welders’ lists and welding procedure qualifications (WPQR/WPS) • Non-destructive test reports (NDT) • Analysis certificates for welding filler metal and shielding gas • Surface roughness protocol • Surface treatment report • Dimensional accuracy inspection • Internal pressure test • Calibration certificates • Assembly documentation • Part drawings • Operating and maintenance manuals Complete documentation folder available digitally. SUITABLE FOR • Pharmaceutical solutions • WFI / PW systems • Elution / buffer preparation • Sterile liquid processes • Biotechnology • GMP production facilities • CIP media SPECIAL FEATURE This is not a standard tank, but a premium BRINOX project-built unit in genuine pharmaceutical quality with certified pressure design, full PED conformity (Module G), documented FAT inspection, and extensive quality documentation. Project-quality for sterile applications – immediately available.

Stanje: novo, Leto izdelave: 2020, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, kapaciteta rezervoarja: 9.000 l, Oprema: dokumentacija / priročnik, BRINOX 9000 L GMP Washing and Elution Solution Tank Horizontal Stainless Steel Pressure Vessel – Year of Manufacture 2020 – Complete FAT & GMP Documentation BH6752-BH1001 Package 32 Manufacturer: BRINOX Process Systems Serial Number: 1003558 Year of Manufacture: 2020 Nominal Volume: 9,000 liters Design: GMP-compliant stainless steel pressure vessel Application The tank was used in a pharmaceutical production facility. Suitable for the production, storage, and supply of process solutions in GMP-regulated environments. Construction and Equipment Cylindrical stainless steel tank in horizontal design End-face process connections Large manway with pressure closure Integrated CIP system with spray ball High-gloss polished internal surface Hygienic, product-contacting connections Multiple measuring and instrumentation nozzles Documented weld seams with full traceability Separate stainless steel feet included in delivery Condition Very good optical and technical condition. Bdjdpfx Aqeykkk Hotsg Internal surfaces are mirror-polished and clean. No visible damage to the shell or connections. Accessories and auxiliary components are present as per photo documentation. FAT and Documentation Status According to FAT documentation “IT-11.1 Welding Documentation Inspection”, the welding documentation was inspected as part of factory acceptance testing (FAT 01, 23.10.2020). The following were confirmed, among others: Identification of welders and weld seam inspectors Welder qualifications per EN ISO 9606-1 WPS and WPQR documentation Proof of shielding gas suitability Documented test welds Spot sample visual inspection without defects Traceability according to material certificates 3.1 The complete welding documentation is included in the Turn-Over-Package. Documentation – Fully Available FAT plan and FAT report Layout and construction drawings P&ID diagrams Calibration protocols Surface and roughness tests Leak test Welding plan WPQR WPS Welder qualifications Borescopy report Incoming goods inspection reports Sensor calibrations The complete technical documentation is available in digital format. Special Features Fully documented GMP version with certified welding documentation and comprehensive quality package. Very well suited for reinstallation in pharmaceutical production plants or validation-required applications.