Star Sb 16 nakup rabljenega (125)

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Number of axes: 7 Ibedpfx Ahexlum Tj Doc - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Max. machining length: 205 mm - Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Spindle speed: 8,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.2 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 1° - Number of bush holders: 1 BUSH HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 10 - Number of driven positions: 4 FRONT TOOL POST - Number of positions: 7 SECONDARY OPERATIONS - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total power consumption: 7 kW WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Space requirement: 2200 x 1200 mm - Machine height: 1700 mm - Machine weight: 2200 kg MACHINE HOURS - Power-on hours: 34,143 h - Operation hours: 26,657 h - Spindle hours: 15,552 h EQUIPMENT - Control: Fanuc 30i-model A - HFT (High Frequency Turning) - Driven guide bushing - Part extraction - Parts conveyor belt - Parts ejector - Coolant tank - Bar magazine: FMB turbo 3-26 / 3200 A

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 2007, Allgemeine Daten Abmessungen Breite 1275 mm Abmessungen Tiefe 2711 mm Abmessungen Höhe 1705 mm Hauptantrieb Spindeldrehzahlbereich 7000 Spindelmotorleistung 5,5 kW Hub 310 mm Anzahl Achsen 3 Verfahrwege X-Achse Eilgang 24 m/min Y-Achse Eilgang 24 m/min Z-Achse Eilgang 24 m/min Zusatzgeräte Ibsdpfxsxd H U He Ah Dsc Mit FMB-Stangenlader Die Star SR32J wird zusammen mit einem FMB Trubo 3-36 Stangenlader verkauft. Der Stangenlader wurde 2008 gebaut, die Maschine selbst stammt aus 2007. Die Maschine ist mit einem JBS Führungsbuchsensystem ausgestattet, das dank flexibler Führungsbuchsen für höhere Präzision sorgt. Ebenfalls vorhanden ist eine Star ER 16/ER11 Frontbohreinheit mit drei Spindeln für Vorder- und Rückseitenbearbeitung. Diese 3-Achsen Star SR-32J Swiss-Type-Drehmaschine wurde 2007 gefertigt. Sie verfügt über eine FANUC-Steuerung, einen FMB-Stangenlader und einen maximalen Bearbeitungsdurchmesser von 32 mm. Die Maschine bietet eine Eilgschwindigkeit von 24 m/min und eine maximale Hauptspindeldrehzahl von 7.000 min⁻¹. Ideal für die Präzisionsdrehbearbeitung, beinhaltet sie einen Kühlmitteltank mit 174 Litern Fassungsvermögen. Kontaktieren Sie uns gerne für weitere Informationen zu dieser Maschine. Anwendungsbereiche Drehen

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 2002, obratovalne ure: 18.000 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, premer vretena: 32 mm, Oprema: podajalnik palic, transportni trak za ostružke, Tour numérique CNC à poupée mobile avec équipement complet ! Diamètre de passage broche principale : 32 mm Ibedoxc I Apopfx Ah Dsc DÉTAILS DE LA MACHINE Heures de fonctionnement : 18 000 ÉQUIPEMENT Douille de guidage entraînée de façon synchrone Axe C sur broche principale et contre-broche Convoyeur à pièces Douille à pince broche principale : F37 (673-53) Douille à pince contre-broche : F37 (673-73) Unité de perçage transversal à 3 broches Porte-outils 4 positions 16x16 mm Contre-broche (capacité de reprise 32 mm) Soufflage des pièces vers l’avant Éjecteur de pièces Sécurisation de l’éjection des pièces Détection de casse outil de tronçonnage Réservoir de liquide de refroidissement séparé avec contrôle de niveau et de débit Unité de lubrification centralisée automatique avec contrôle du niveau d’huile Goujons et plaques de mise à niveau Coffret à outils Chargeur de barres FMB Turbo 3-26 année Interface RS232C pour chargeur de barres Système d’extinction Kraft & Bauer / GUT Feuerschutz Convoyeur de copeaux Mayfran

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 1998, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, stružna dolžina: 310 mm, hitrost vretena (min.): 7.000 obr/min, premer struženja: 32 mm,

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2007, Krmiljenje FANUC 18i-TB Maks. premer palice: 32 mm Maks. hodil vretena: 310 mm Hitrost vretena: 350 - 7.000 obr/min Maks. premer palice pri proti-vretenu: 32 mm Maks. hitrost proti-vretena: 350 - 7.000 obr/min Število uporabnih orodij: 21 Isdexcx D Dopfx Ah Dsbc Stružniška orodja v večnožnem držalu: 6 Pogonska orodja za prečno obdelavo: 3 Čelno vrtalno orodje: 4 Zadnje vrtalno orodje: 4 Zadnja obdelava: 4 Hitrost pogonskih orodij: 5.000 obr/min Podajalnik palic FMB turbo 3-36

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 2000, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, številka stroja/vozila: 0624, premer struženja: 20 mm, največja hitrost vrtenja: 6.000 obr/min, model krmilnika: FANUC Series 18i-T, pomik vretena: 205 mm, število osi: 7, CNC Swiss-type automatic lathe with seven machining axes! TECHNICAL DETAILS Machining Data Turning diameter: 20 mm Spindle stroke: 205 mm Spindle speed: max. 6,000 rpm Number of axes: 7 Bar length: 3,200 mm Control: FANUC Series 18i-T EQUIPMENT Iodpfx Ahow Uilqe Djbc Main spindle with 4 axes (X/Z/Y/C) Sub spindle with 3 axes (X/Z/C) 14 tool stations 5 driven tool positions Small parts pick-off device Bar feeder: FMB Type Turbo 3-26 Operator terminal Coolant system: Oil

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Max. machinable length: 205 mm - Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Spindle speed: 8,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.2 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 1° - Number of tool holders: 1 TOOL HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 10 - Number of driven positions: 4 FRONT TOOL POST - Number of positions: 7 SUB OPERATION - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total power: 7 kW WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2200 x 1200 mm - Machine height: 1700 mm - Machine weight: 2200 kg MACHINE HOURS - Power-on hours: 27,854 h - Operating hours: 20,213 h - Spindle hours: 13,158 h EQUIPMENT Ibsdpfxexlum Ho Ah Dsc - Control: Fanuc 30i-model A - HFT (High Frequency Turning) - Driven guide bushing - Parts catcher - Parts conveyor - Parts ejector - Coolant tank - Bar feeder: FMB turbo 3-26 / 3200 A

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2008, Swing diameter over bed: 32 mm Spindle bore: 32 mm Turning length: 125 mm Control: YASKAWA SIEMENS 840 DI V2 Clamping diameter: 32 mm Spindle speeds: 7,000 rpm Workpiece length – max.: 150 mm Iedpfxevwgmyj Ah Djbc Feed rate: 0 – 2,000 mm/min Machine weight: approx. 5.7 t Required space: approx. 10.5 x 2 x 1.9 m The sliding headstock automatic lathe is in good condition, fully operational, and will be supplied with toolholders and spare parts. >> Two identical STAR 32T sliding headstock automatic lathes are available.

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Leto izdelave: 1999, obratovalne ure: 78.000 h, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, stružna dolžina: 205 mm, največja hitrost vretena: 10.000 obr/min, Premer palice (maks.): 20 mm, model krmilnika: Fanuc 16i-T, število osi: 9, CNC avtomat za vzdolžno struženje z 9 osmi! TEHNIČNI PODATKI Osi: X / C1 / Y / E / B / A / X / C2 Največji premer palice: 20 mm Največja dolžina struženja: 205 mm / 195 mm Največja hitrost glavnega vretena: 10.000 obr/min Največja hitrost protivretena: 10.000 obr/min PODATKI O STROJU Krmiljenje: Fanuc 16i-T Hladilno sredstvo: olje Kapaciteta rezervoarja: 170 L Obratovalne ure: 78.000 h Ibodpfx Ahjxc Iy Is Dec OPREMA 4-kratni nosilec orodja 3 prečna vrtalna naprava Revolver z 8 postajami Različni dodatni nosilci orodja Pinole Transportni trak za dele Podajalnik palic FMB Turbo 3-26 /3200/A Protipožarna naprava Kraft & Bauer Transporter za ostružke Mayfran

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2019, Prostornina: cca 1,0 m³ Širina reza: 1.500 mm 4 osi – razmak med osmi 25 mm Kombiniran priklop za bagre (12–18 t) in nakladalce na kolesih (od 9 t naprej) Isdpfx Ahjnubawe Debc

Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2005, Najv. premer palice: 20 mm Najv. pomik glavnega vretena: 205 mm Hitrost vrtenja vretena: 500 - 10.000 1/min Isdsxb Uw Dopfx Ah Djbc Najv. premer palice na protivretenu: 20 mm Najv. hitrost vrtenja protivretena: 8.000 1/min Število uporabljenih orodij: 22 Večkratni držalo za stružna orodja: 6 Pogonska orodja za prečno obdelavo: 3-8 Čelno vrtalno orodje: 4 Zadnje vrtalno orodje: 4 Hitrost vrtenja pogonskih orodij: 8.000 1/min Podajalnik palic FMB turbo 3-26

Stanje: pripravljen za uporabo (rabljen), Na voljo je komorna vakuumska pakirnica Vac-Star. Vakuumska zmogljivost: 99,9 %, vakuumska črpalka: Busch, zmogljivost črpalke: 21 m³/h, varilna letev: 420 mm, dimenzije komore X/Y/Z: pribl. 445 mm / 510 mm / 200 mm, dimenzije stroja X/Y/Z: 510 mm / 630 mm / 450 mm, teža: pribl. 80 kg. Možen je ogled na lokaciji. Ibsdpsxaphhsfx Ah Dec

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Max. workpiece length: 205 mm - Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Spindle speed: 8,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.2 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 1° - Number of tool holders: 1 TOOL HOLDER 1 - Number of stations: 10 - Number of driven stations: 4 FRONT TOOL POST - Number of stations: 7 BACK WORKING STATION - Number of stations: 4 - Number of driven stations: 4 - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total connected load: 7 kW DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT - Footprint: 2200 x 1200 mm - Machine height: 1700 mm - Machine weight: 2200 kg MACHINE HOURS Ibedpfxjxlumys Ah Dsc - Powered hours: 26,540 h - Operating hours: 20,041 h - Spindle hours: 14,658 h EQUIPMENT - CNC control: Fanuc 30i-model A - HFT (High Frequency Turning) - Driven guide bushing - Parts catcher - Parts conveyor belt - Parts ejector - Coolant tank - Bar feeder: FMB turbo 3-26 / 3200 A

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2014, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, Leto izdelave 2014 z podajalnikom palic IEMCA Boss 332 Tip 32C, leto 2014. Büchele sistem za odstranjevanje ostružkov. Ojačana oljna črpalka (posebna oprema) z izpiranjem vretena. Signalna luč. Priprava za visok tlak spredaj in zadaj vključena. Kroglični ležaji na odjemnem vretenu so novi (podjetje Star, računi na voljo). Stroj je še vedno v uporabi in si ga je možno ogledati po dogovoru. Rabljeni stroji brez garancije. Ibsdpfew Tkcuox Ah Doc

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 2015, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, Stroj opremljen z orodji Nakanishi za zobozdravstveni sektor, ki je vedno deloval v olju – protipožarni sistem – Iemca Boss 338HD/32 nov iz leta 2015 – dobro opremljen – krmilnik Fanuc 32i-B. Ibjdpfsw Ibpnjx Ah Dec

Stanje: zelo dobro (rabljeno), Leto izdelave: 1996, Funkcionalnost: popolnoma funkcionalen, Vakuumski masirni stroj Inject Star HS - 7 Proizvajalec: Hollstein & Führmann Model: HS-7 Serijska številka: 715 Leto izdelave: 1996 Nazivna moč: 0,75 kW Napajanje: 3×380/220 V, 50 Hz Dimenzije: 800x1100x1000 mm Vakuumski masirni stroj Inject Star HS-7 je naprava namenjena industrijski predelavi mesa v postopku masiranja z uporabo vakuuma. Zahvaljujoč vakuumski tehnologiji meso doseže boljšo strukturo, mehkobo in sposobnost vezave marinad. Naprava je zasnovana za učinkovitost in kakovost v živilskopredelovalnih obratih. Robustna konstrukcija in motor z močjo 0,75 kW zagotavljata zanesljivost in dolgo življenjsko dobo stroja. Idealno za srednje in velike proizvodne obrate. Ibedew N Hmnepfx Ah Dsc

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Max. machining length: 205 mm - Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Spindle speed: 8,000 rpm Ijdoxlumtepfx Ah Debc - Spindle drive power: 2.2 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 1° - Number of tool holders: 1 TOOL HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 10 - Number of driven positions: 4 FRONT TOOL POST - Number of positions: 7 COUNTER OPERATION - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total power consumption: 7 kW WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Space requirement: 2200 x 1200 mm - Machine height: 1700 mm - Machine weight: 2200 kg MACHINE HOURS - Power-on hours: 46,042 h - Operating hours: 34,490 h - Spindle hours: 19,447 h EQUIPMENT - Control: Fanuc 300is-model A - HFT (High Frequency Turning) - Driven guide bush - Parts catcher - Parts conveyor - Parts ejector - Coolant tank - Bar magazine: FMB turbo 3-26 / 3200 A

Leto izdelave: 2005, Stanje: dober (rabljeno), Tip 660 – Iemca Boss 332E/32L, letnik 2005 – stroj, ki je vedno deloval v olju – krmiljenje Fanuc 18i-TB Iedpfx Aeppt Sbeh Dobc

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Max. machinable length: 205 mm - Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 mm - Spindle speed: 8,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 2.2 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 1° - Number of sleeve holders: 1 SLEEVE HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 10 - Number of driven positions: 4 FRONT TOOL POST - Number of positions: 7 SUBSPINDLE TOOLING - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 4 - Driven tool speed: 8,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 V - Total power: 7 kW WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2200 x 1200 mm - Machine height: 1700 mm - Machine weight: 2,200 kg MACHINE HOURS Ibjdpfxexlummj Ah Doc - Power-on hours: 48,695 h - Operating hours: 37,703 h - Spindle hours: 23,750 h EQUIPMENT - Control: Fanuc 300is-model A - HFT (High Frequency Turning) - Driven guide bushing - Parts catcher - Parts conveyor - Parts ejector - Coolant tank: 140 l * with high pressure pump: 80 bar - Bar feeder: FMB turbo 3-26 / 3200 A

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 9 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 32 mm - Travel: 310 mm - Spindle speed: 280 - 7,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 7.5 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.01° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 32 mm - Z-axis travel: 150 mm - Spindle speed: 280 - 7,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.01° - Number of turret heads: 1 Isdpfjuha N Dex Ah Dobc UPPER TURRET HEAD - Number of positions: 10 - Number of driven positions: 10 - Driven tool speed: 5,700 rpm - Driven tool power: 2.8 kW BUSH HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 3 - Driven tool speed: 6,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 200 V - Total connected load: 8 kVA WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2,645 x 1,403 mm - Machine height: 1,680 mm - Machine weight: 3,880 kg MACHINE HOURS - Operating hours: 6,140 h EQUIPMENT - CNC control: Fanuc 16 iTB - 3-color status lamp - Parts removal - Parts conveyor - Coolant tank * with high-pressure pump - Bar feeder: FMB TURBO 3/36 - Electrical transformer

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 4 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 13 mm - Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm SUB SPINDLE - Z-axis travel: 140 mm TOOL HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 5 SECONDARY MACHINING - Number of positions: 3 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 3 x 380 V - Total drive power: 3.5 kVA ACCESSORIES - Control: Fanuc 21iT Ijdpfx Aheuhaxxs Djbc - Part removal unit - Coolant tank * with high-pressure pump - Bar feeder: LNS Alpha 320

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 9 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 32 mm - Travel: 310 mm - Spindle speed: 280 – 7,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 7.5 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.01° SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 32 mm - Z-axis travel: 150 mm - Spindle speed: 280 – 7,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.01° - Number of turret heads: 1 UPPER TURRET - Number of positions: 10 - Number of driven positions: 10 - Driven tool speed: 5,700 rpm - Driven tool power: 2.8 kW BUSHING HOLDER 1 - Number of positions: 4 - Number of driven positions: 3 - Driven tool speed: 6,000 rpm ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Supply voltage: 200 V - Total drive: 8 kVA WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2,645 x 1,403 mm - Machine height: 1,680 mm Isdpsuha Elofx Ah Debc - Machine weight: 3,880 kg EQUIPMENT - Control: Fanuc 16 iTB - 3-color status lamp - Parts removal - Parts conveyor belt - Chip conveyor - Coolant tank - Bar feeder: IEMCA BOSS 432/32LL - Electrical transformer

Stanje: rabljeno, CNC-langdreh automat Star SE-12 Ibodpfswp T I Tsx Ah Djc

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 7 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 32 mm - Travel distance: 310 mm - Spindle speed: 7,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 7.5 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° SUB-SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 32 mm - Spindle speed: 7,000 rpm - Spindle drive power: 3.7 kW - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001° TOOL HOLDER 1 - Number of stations: 11 - Number of powered stations: 5 - Driven tool speed: 5,000 rpm - Driven tool power: 1.2 kW FRONT TOOL POST - Number of stations: 4 BACK WORKING - Number of stations: 4 - Number of powered stations: 4 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 200 V - Total connected load: 6.2 kVA WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2,711 x 1,275 mm - Machine height: 1,705 mm - Machine weight: 3,100 kg MACHINE HOURS - Operating hours: 35,367 h EQUIPMENT - Control: Fanuc 18i-TB - 3-color status lamp - Coolant tank * with high-pressure pump - Bar feeder: FMB Turbo 3-36/3200/A (2008) - Parts ejector - Parts removal - Parts conveyor belt - Chip conveyor - Fire extinguishing system* NB: Functionality not guaranteed. Inspection by a qualified company on behalf of the buyer is recommended. Ijdpfx Asuhazash Debc

Stanje: rabljeno, TECHNICAL DATA - Number of axes: 8 - Number of spindles: 2 MAIN SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 [mm] - Max. machining length: 205 [mm] - Spindle speed: 10,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 3.7 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 0.001 [degrees] SUB SPINDLE - Max. bar diameter: 20 [mm] - Spindle speed: 10,000 [rpm] - Spindle drive power: 3.7 [kW] - Minimum C-axis resolution: 1 [degree] - Number of toolholders: 1 TOOLHOLDER 1 - Number of stations: 12 - Number of driven stations: 8 - Driven tool speed: 7,000 [rpm] FRONT TOOL POST - Number of stations: 7 Ibodpfjwcg Tisx Ah Doc SUBSPINDLE TOOL POST - Number of stations: 8 - Number of driven stations: 8 - Driven tool speed: 8,000 [rpm] ELECTRICAL SUPPLY - Supply voltage: 400 [V] - Total power: 7 [kW] WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2334 x 1200 [mm] - Machine height: 1700 [mm] - Machine weight: 2600 [kg] OPERATING HOURS - Hours under power: 57,342 [h] - Operating hours: 31,575 [h] - Spindle hours: 24,829 [h] EQUIPMENT - Control unit: Fanuc 31i-B - Driven guide bushing - Chip conveyor - Part removal unit - Parts conveyor belt - Parts ejector - Coolant tank - Bar feeder: FMB turbo 3-26 - Electrical transformer